«مقایسه تطبیقی «فضیلت انسانیت» سلیگمن در نظام اندیشگانی مولانا و کریشنامورتی»

The virtue of "humanity" along with five other virtues: wisdom, courage, justice, moderation and excellence, was proposed by Martin Seligman for the first time in positive psychology as the six character virtues to optimize the quality of human life. . In the thoughts and teachings of many thinkers and spiritualists from the East to the West, the characteristics of positive psychology can be discovered and revealed. This essay, which was done in a descriptive-comparative way, tries to explain and apply the virtue of "humanity" and its capabilities in the teachings of Rumi and Krishnamurti. The results of the research indicate that these virtues and abilities under its group: love, kindness, social intelligence, can be explained and applied in the teachings of Rumi and Krishnamurti; Meanwhile, the points of difference are also observed in their thought system; Among them: differences in the power of love, using the words of religious elders, and differences in the way people are looked at.
 

Introduction

Throughout history, the effort of people of meaning, such as Rumi and Krishnamurti, has been to cultivate human virtues and capabilities by teaching mystical teachings that are related to the human soul and inner self, eliminate and provide a suitable platform for spiritual flourishing. These outstanding teachings are in agreement and harmony with many topics raised in the science of positive psychology. Research in this field can greatly contribute to the mental peace and mental health of people in the society and provide valuable solutions for the treatment of mental needs and mental problems of contemporary people in the path of achieving a meaningful life. Also, by using these mystical teachings and components in the light of the foundations of the new positivist psychology, new results can be obtained and a connection can be established between these two knowledges. The main problem of this research is to investigate and explain Martin Seligman's "virtue of humanity" and its sub-categories: love, kindness, social intelligence in the teachings of Rumi and Krishnamurti. This research aims to answer these questions: 1- What are the points of similarity between Rumi's and Krishnamurti's ideas about the capabilities of humanity? 2- What differences of opinion do Krishnamurti and Rumi have with each other in this field? 3- What is the result of this analysis?
 
 

Research Methodology

The current research, which was conducted in a comparative-descriptive method, aims to address the virtue of "humanity" and its subcategories among the six virtues and capabilities of character compiled by Seligman and his colleagues in positive psychology. Examine them in the works and teachings of Rumi and Krishnamurti. In this essay, after collecting the data in the works of Rumi and Krishna according to the mentioned components, the explanation and analysis of the teachings of Rumi and Krishnamurti according to Seligman's theory has been discussed and finally a conclusion has been reached.
 

Discussion

Positive psychology divides the virtues and positive strengths of humans into six groups, which are: wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, temperance and transcendence. Each of these six groups, in turn, has sub-categories (24 in total) which are: creativity, curiosity, open-mindness, love of learning, perspective, bravery, perseverance, integrity, vitality, love, kindness. , social intelligence, citizenship, fairness, leadership, forgiveness, humility, foresight, self-discipline, understanding of beauty, gratitude, hope, Humor and spirituality (see: Seligman, 1400).
The virtue of "humanity" along with five other virtues: wisdom, courage, justice, temperance and transcendence, was proposed by Martin Seligman for the first time in positive psychology as the six character virtues to optimize the quality of human life. From Seligman's point of view, the virtue of humanity includes positive traits that are manifested in caring and supportive relationships with others; It means the tendency to care and friendship. The strenghts of the sub-group of humanity are: love, kindness and social intelligence. These strengths  have a large social scope and indicate positive interpersonal traits and are focused on the relationships of one person with another person, not many people (Seligman, 1400: 450).
In the thoughts and teachings of many thinkers and spiritualists from the East to the West, the characteristics of positive psychology can be discovered and revealed. Rumi and Krishnamurti have many similarities with each other regarding the virtue of Martin Seligman's "humanity" and its sub-categories: love, kindness, social intelligence, and each of them believes in the value and importance of these human strengths and many guidelines in have this context; However, differences are also observed in the thought system of these two thinkers; Among them: the difference in the division of love into divine and material, the use of the words of religious elders, and the difference in the way people are looked at.
 

Conclusion

The findings of the research indicate that in the works of Rumi and Krishnamurti, "the virtue of humanity" has a special place and these two thinkers emphasize the value of humanity's strengths, namely: love, kindness, social intelligence; But in the meantime, some differences are also observed; including:
The difference in looking at the subject of love: Rumi divides love into real and virtual love and presents real love as superior to virtual love. He considers the ultimate goal of love to be close to God; He also considers love to have three stages: rawness, maturity and burning; While Krishnamurti does not classify love.
Using the words of religious elders: When talking about the strengths of "kindness" and "social intelligence", Rumi tries to increase the effect of his words by using the hadiths of the Prophets (pbuh) and the infallible imams (pbuh). But Krishnamurti condemns following imams or saints and believes that following a person will deprive him of his freedom.
The difference in the view of human beings: in general, Rumi's view is "God-centered" and considers the ultimate growth and development of man in obtaining God's satisfaction; While Krishnamurti does not adhere to any religion or religion and his ultimate effort leads to human comfort in this world.
 
 
 

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